Stoichiometry Examples

  1. In an aqueous solution, barium chloride and potassium chromate react to form solid barium chromate, with potassium chloride being left behind in solution. Using the balanced equation, calculate how much barium chromate you would expect to produce if you mixed 1.534 grams of solid barium chloride with an excess amount of 0.25 molar potassium chromate solution.
  2. Calculate the percentage yield if your actual yield of barium chromate from problem #1 was 0.893 grams.
  3. Silver chloride can be precipitated by the reaction of silver nitrate and sodium chloride. The other product, which remains in solution, is sodium nitrate. Suppose you have 13.7 grams of a material containing an unknown amount of silver nitrate. When you dissolve this material in water and react it with an excess amount of sodium chloride, you produce 8.4 grams of silver chloride. What was the mass percentage of silver nitrate in the material?
  4. In the booster rocket for the space shuttle, aluminum metal reacts with ammonium perchlorate to form aluminum oxide, aluminum chloride, nitrogen monoxide, and water (plus lots of energy). How much ammonium perchlorate is required to react with each 1.000 kilograms of aluminum metal?
  5. A bottling plant has 121,500 bottles, each with a capacity of 355 milliliters. It also has 125,000 caps and 53,575 liters of beverage. How many bottles can be completely filled with the beverage and capped?
  6. Silicon carbide (SiC) is an abrasive formed by the reaction of silicon dioxide with elemental carbon at high temperatures. The byproduct of this reaction is carbon monoxide. How many grams of silicon carbide can be formed from the reaction of 2.50 grams of silicon dioxide with 2.50 grams of carbon? What is the limiting reactant? How much of the excess reactant is leftover?
  7. Glucose (C6H12O6) burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. How many grams of oxygen are required to burn 10.0 grams of glucose? How many grams of water are produced from this reaction?
  8. If 10.0 grams of glucose burn in 10.0 grams of oxygen, how many grams of carbon dioxide would be produced? What was the limiting reactant? How many grams of the excess reactant would be leftover?
  9. Gastric fluid contains about 3.0 grams of hydrogen chloride per liter. If a person produces about 2.5 liters of gastric fluid per day, how many antacid tablets, each containing 400. milligrams of aluminum hydroxide, are needed to neutralize all of the hydrogen chloride produced in one day? The two products of the neutralization reaction are aluminum chloride and water.
  10. Acetylene (C2H2) can be manufactured by the reaction of calcium carbide (The formula is not what you'd expect. It is CaC2.) with water. The other product of the reaction is calcium hydroxide. When 44.5 grams of commercial grade (impure) calcium carbide are reacted with an excess amount of water, 0.540 grams of acetylene are produced. Assuming that all of the calcium carbide reacted to form acetylene, what is the percent of calcium carbide in the commercial grade material?
 

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